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Literature Analysis of 46 Cases of Allergic Shock Caused by Ceftriaxone Sodium ZHANG Ben-chang, WANG Ze-yu, QIAO Ting-ting, WANG Yu, YAN Juan ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (3): 7-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.03.002 Abstract（ 163） PDF（pc）（1251KB）（ 889） Knowledge map Save Objective： To analyze the clinical characteristics and patterns of allergic shock induced by ceftriaxone sodium, and provide a basis for ensuring the safety of clinical medication. Methods: A search was conducted on the literature on ceftriaxone sodium induced anaphylactic shock published domestically and internationally from 2011 to 2024. Case reports of ceftriaxone sodium induced anaphylactic shock were selected and retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 46 cases of allergic shock caused by ceftriaxone sodium were retrieved. Among these cases, 73.9% experienced allergic shock during the first use of the drug, 26.1% experienced allergic shock after continuous use, and 4 cases experienced allergic shock during skin testing; The overall mortality rate reached 10.8%. Conclusion: The clinical application of ceftriaxone sodium requires strict adherence to diagnostic and treatment standards, individualized medication plans tailored to individual patient differences, monitoring of individual vital signs, and establishment of emergency response plans for acute allergic reactions to ensure patient medication safety. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Research on the Animal Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Damp-Heat Syndrome in Combination with Disease Evidence: A Review LI Jia-jie, LIU Jin-xing, ZHOU Ze, WANG Ya-ping, LIAO Jia-bao, LUO Cheng, YAN He-guo, LI Hong-mei, LI Qin, WEN Wei-bo ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (3): 38-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.03.006 Abstract（ 158） PDF（pc）（1674KB）（ 868） Knowledge map Save Epilepsy, a globally pervasive chronic central nervous system disorder, is characterized by an imbalance between neuronal excitation and inhibition, primarily involving the interplay of glutamate and GABA systems. This comprehensive review delineates the cutting-edge research developments in the field of epilepsy treatment, spanning an extensive spectrum from molecular pathophysiological mechanisms to clinical therapeutic strategies, with a foresight into future research trajectories. The review meticulously examines the pivotal roles of AMPA and NMDA receptors in the genesis of epileptic seizures, as well as the implications of GABA receptor dysfunction on disease progression. Regarding therapeutic strategies, the article juxtaposes the mechanisms of action of conventional and newer antiepileptic drugs, placing special emphasis on the significance of non-pharmacological interventions, such as the ketogenic diet and lifestyle modifications, in the comprehensive management of epilepsy. Furthermore, the review explores the potential of personalized medicine and the integration of Western and traditional Chinese medicine, aiming to offer more precise and effective treatment options for patients with epilepsy. By providing an in-depth analysis of existing treatment modalities and prognosticating future. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Multidimensional Advances in Epilepsy Treatment: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Strategies and Future Directions ZHAO Jiao-jiao, YANG Lei, ZHANG Wei ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (3): 24-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.03.004 Abstract（ 171） PDF（pc）（1110KB）（ 834） Knowledge map Save Epilepsy, a globally pervasive chronic central nervous system disorder, is characterized by an imbalance between neuronal excitation and inhibition, primarily involving the interplay of glutamate and GABA systems. This comprehensive review delineates the cuttingedge research developments in the field of epilepsy treatment, spanning an extensive spectrum from molecular pathophysiological mechanisms to clinical therapeutic strategies, with a foresight into future research trajectories. The review meticulously examines the pivotal roles of AMPA and NMDA receptors in the genesis of epileptic seizures, as well as the implications of GABA receptor dysfunction on disease progression. Regarding therapeutic strategies, the article juxtaposes the mechanisms of action of conventional and newer antiepileptic drugs, placing special emphasis on the significance of non-pharmacological interventions, such as the ketogenic diet and lifestyle modifications, in the comprehensive management of epilepsy. Furthermore, the review explores the potential of personalized medicine and the integration of Western and traditional Chinese medicine, aiming to offer more precise and effective treatment options for patients with epilepsy. By providing an in-depth analysis of existing treatment modalities and prognosticating future research directions, this review furnishes a scientific foundation and innovative perspectives for advancements in epilepsy treatment. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Exploring the Thinking of Differentiation and Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury Based on the Collateral Disease Theory and the Mechanism of the Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier ZHANG Xing-xing, LIANG Jia-yu, SUN Yue, WEN Meng-xin, ZHONG Hui, LI Qiang, LI Liang ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (3): 30-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.03.005 Abstract（ 118） PDF（pc）（1431KB）（ 786） Knowledge map Save Spinal cord injury (SCI) is the damage to the structure or function of the spinal cord caused by factors such as traffic accidents, falls from heights, and sports traumas. Clinically, the core symptoms include motor function impairment, sensory loss, and disorders of defecation and urination. Its pathological essence involves the cascade injury triggered by neuronal necrosis, axonal rupture, and the disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB). When the spinal cord is injured, it will lead to serious consequences such as sensory loss and difficulties in defecation and urination, which greatly affect the quality of life of patients. The collateral disease theory is a crucial component of the traditional Chinese medicine system. Its core lies in exploring the normal physiological operation and abnormal pathological manifestations of the collateral vessel system, as well as its correlations with various diseases. This article starts from the collateral disease theory and combines the BSCB mechanism to analyze the pathogenesis and treatment approaches of spinal cord injury. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Mechanism and Research Progress of IL-1β Modulation by Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis GUO Guang-yu, XING Tao, LEI Ning-bo, XIAO Yang, XIE Jia-shu, LI Pan-pan, ZHANG Zhi-long, WANG Zhen-xin ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (1): 49-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.01.008 Abstract（ 109） PDF（pc）（982KB）（ 603） Knowledge map Save Osteoarthritis is a major disabling disease in clinical orthopedics. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common orthopedic disease characterized by degenerative changes in articular cartilage and increased friction in the joints, leading to joint pain, swelling and deformity. At this stage, studies have shown that a variety of cytokines that cause localized inflammation in the joints are released during the development of osteoarthritis, among which interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the main factors that accelerate the development process of osteoarthritis. Currently, Western medicine has limited methods for treating osteoarthritis, whereas traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treats osteoarthritis with multi-targets, advantages such as good efficacy and few side effects. In this paper, we summarize the relationship between IL-1β and osteoarthritis, and review the modern research on the intervention of Chinese medicine in the treatment of osteoarthritis with IL-1β in the past five years, in order to lay an experimental foundation for the exploration of the pathological mechanism of osteoarthritis based on IL-1β, and provide a new method and research ideas for the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis as well as the research and development of related drugs. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Research on the Identification and Differentiation Characteristics of Easily Confused Chinese Medicinal Herbs of Saposhnikovia Divaricata and Codonopsis Pilosula HAN Hui-qin, JING Yan-yan, REN Jing, XU Liang-jie, WEI Shu-wen ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (2): 8-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.02.002 Abstract（ 273） PDF（pc）（4423KB）（ 598） Knowledge map Save Objective: To study the identification characteristics of Saposhnikoviae Radix and its counterfeit Codonopsis Radix. Methods: Observe the characters and micro-characters of medicinal materials and decoction pieces; Microscopic observation was used to identify the microscopic characteristics of powder and cross section; Qualitative identification was conducted by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and infrared spectrophotometry. Results: There are obvious differences between Saposhnikovia divaricata and Codonopsis pilosula in outer surface color, root position characteristics, section color and smell. The difference between the two sample powders is that Saposhnikovia divaricata contains oil pipes, and the stone cells are rare, oblong or rectangular, and the walls are thick. Codonopsis pilosula contains inulin, connective mammary duct, and stone cells are common, most of which are pointed at one end or one side; The transverse section features that there are many round oil pipes in the phloem of windbreak, and golden yellow secretion can be seen in the pipes; There are many xylem vessels. There are yellowish laticifers scattered in the phloem of Codonopsis pilosula, and few vessels in the xylem. The ultraviolet spectra of Radix Saposhnikoviae and Radix Codonopsis are also obviously different. Conclusion: The method is simple and easy to operate, and its characteristics are obvious and easy to identify,so it can be used to distinguish Saposhnikoviae Radix from Codonopsis Radix. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Research on the Molecular Basis of Neuroinflammation and Disease Progression LI Ya-hui, ZHANG Yu-yu, ZHANG Wei, KONG De-zhi ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (1): 33-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.01.006 Abstract（ 141） PDF（pc）（2078KB）（ 418） Knowledge map Save Inflammation is an innate defense response by which the body responds to external stimuli, maintaining internal homeostasis and protecting the central nervous system. However, excessive neuroinflammatory responses can induce neuronal degeneration and promote the development of neurological diseases. Numerous studies demonstrate that glial cells are critical in neuroinflammation through cellular phenotypic differentiation, inflammatory activation, cytokine release, and immune system regulation. This review examines the role of glial cells in neuroinflammation, analyzing inflammatory signaling pathways, key markers, and their relationships with central nervous system diseases, providing insights for potential therapeutic interventions targeting neuroinflammatory processes. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Radiation-Induced Cognitive Impairment: Advances in Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Agents JIANG Qin, WANG Yu-tong, HUANG Yu-qi, XU Zi-xuan, LU Ying-mei ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (3): 13-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.03.003 Abstract（ 143） PDF（pc）（2055KB）（ 409） Knowledge map Save Radiotherapy remains the cornerstone treatment for primary brain tumors and brain metastases, largely due to the limited ability of chemotherapeutic agents to achieve therapeutic concentrations in the brain parenchyma. However, clinical studies consistently report that patients frequently develop severe neurotoxic sequelae during the late phases postradiotherapy, with cognitive impairment emerging as the most debilitating complication. This decline in neurocognitive function profoundly impacts patients’ quality of life and long-term prognosis. Despite decades of research into radiation-induced cognitive impairment, the precise molecular and cellular mechanisms driving this pathology remain poorly understood, posing a major barrier to effective prevention and treatment strategies. Historically, investigations into radiation-induced cognitive impairment have focused on late-stage, irreversible neurodegenerative changes. Recent advances in neuroimaging and functional assessment techniques, however, have uncovered subtle yet significant structural and functional disturbances in the central nervous system (CNS) during the acute and subacute post-irradiation phases. These early alterations— including microvascular injury, neuroinflammation, and synaptic dysfunction—may initiate cascades of chronic pathological processes that culminate in irreversible late-stage cognitive deficits. This paradigm shift underscores the critical need to elucidate the interplay between acute radiation injury and chronic neurodegeneration. In this review, we synthesize current knowledge on: 1) Acute CNS injury responses to radiation, including oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier disruption, and glial activation. 2) Structural and functional remodeling of neural circuits, such as hippocampal neurogenesis suppression and white matter tract degeneration. 3) Mechanistic links between early cellular damage and late cognitive decline, focusing on neuroimmune crosstalk and epigenetic dysregulation. Furthermore, we highlight recent breakthroughs in therapeutic development, including small-molecule inhibitors targeting neuroinflammatory pathways (e.g., TGF-β, NLRP3 inflammasome), antioxidants to mitigate oxidative stress, and neurotrophic factors to promote neural repair. By bridging preclinical mechanistic insights with translational opportunities, this analysis aims to advance both the biological understanding and clinical management of radiation-induced cognitive impairment. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Progress in Pharmacological Effects of Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Application as Drug Carrier ZHENG Hai-xin, LI Ting, YIN Hong-yan, ZHANG Hai-hong, WANG Shu ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (1): 43-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.01.007 Abstract（ 237） PDF（pc）（972KB）（ 383） Knowledge map Save Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is a traditional Chinese medicine with the functions of tonifying spleen and replenishing qi, expelling phlegm and relieving cough, clearing heat and detoxifying, and harmonizing other medicines. Its main active ingredient is Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), which is a triterpenoid saponin compound with antiviral, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, liver protection and various pharmacological activities. Glycyrrhizic acid has amphiphilic structure, which can spontaneously form micelles with core-shell structure. GA has the properties similar to surfactants and has good biological stability and solubility. With the progress of nanotechnology, it has become a research hotspot to modify glycyrrhizic acid with nanomaterials or self-assemble it into nanoparticles for the transport of various drugs to overcome the defects of low bioavailability and poor water solubility of drugs. This paper reviews the pharmacological activity and mechanism of glycyrrhizic acid and its application as a multifunctional drug carrier material, so as to provide reference for its further development, utilization and clinical research. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Effect Evaluation of Different Intervention Methods in Elderly Patients with Sarcopenia LI Yu-shuang, JIANG Huan-huan, CHEN Dong, GU Xiu-lin ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (1): 7-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.01.002 Abstract（ 131） PDF（pc）（1142KB）（ 362） Knowledge map Save Objective: To explore the effectiveness and safety of different interventions in elderly patients with sarcopenia. Methods: A total of 156 elderly patients with sarcopenia randomly divided into control group, nutrition group and nutrition exercise group and each group had 52 cases. The control group was given diagnosis and treatment service, the nutrition group was added nutrition intervention, and the nutrition exercise group was added nutrition combined exercise intervention on the basis of routine health guidance. After 3 months, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), grip strength, 6 m stride speed, the intervention effectiveness of sarcopenia and the incidence of adverse events were compared among the three groups. Results: Follow-up was completed in all three groups. Before intervention, there were no significant differences in SMI, grip strength and 6 m stride speed among the three groups (P>0.05). The results of covariance analysis showed that there were significant differences in SMI, grip strength and 6 m stride speed among the three groups after intervention (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, SMI in nutrition group increased by 0.601 kg·m -2（P<0.001，95%Cl：0.477~0.724）, grip strength increased by 1.167 kg （P<0.001，95%Cl: 0.887~1.448）, 6 m stride speed increased by 0.148 m·s -1（ P<0.001，95%Cl: 0.108~0.187）; In the nutrition exercise group, SMI increased by 0.677 kg·m -2(P<0.001, 95%Cl: 0.554~0.800), grip strength increased by 1.1986 (P<0.001, 95%Cl: 1.706~2.265), 6 m stride speed increased by 0.239 m·s -1(P<0.001, 95%Cl: 0.200~0.278). Compared with nutrition group, SMI in nutrition exercise group increased by 0.077 kg·m -2(P=0.221, 95%Cl: -0.046~0.200), grip strength increased by 0.818 (P<0.001, 95%Cl: 0.541~1.095), 6 m stride speed increased by 0.091 m·s-1 (P<0.001, 95%Cl: 0.052~0.130). The effective rate of sarcopenia intervention in nutrition group and nutrition exercise group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01); The effective rate of intervention in nutrition exercise group was higher than that in nutrition group (RR=1.260, 95%Cl: 0.858~1.850), with no statistical significance (P=0.163). The incidence of fracture and general adverse reactions in the three groups was not statistically significant (Fracture P=0.128; Adverse reaction P=0.773); The incidence of fall in nutrition group and nutrition exercise group was significantly lower than that in control group, with statistical significance (P=0.049). Conclusion: Nutritional intervention and nutritional exercise intervention for elderly patients with sarcopenia can improve muscle mass and muscle function, reduce the incidence of adverse events of fall, and have high safety and effectiveness, which is of great significance for elderly patients with sarcopenia. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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The 21st Academic Conference on Neuropsychopharmacology Conference Abstracts (Part 2) ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (5): 26-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.05.004 Abstract（ 55） PDF（pc）（2052KB）（ 172） Knowledge map Save Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Preparation and Identification of Polyclonal Antibodies Against E6 and E7 Proteins of Human Papillomavirus 16 and 18 ZHOU Yan, ZHANG Ting, WANG Zhi-rong, XU Xue-mei ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (1): 1-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.01.001 Abstract（ 90） PDF（pc）（1865KB）（ 153） Knowledge map Save Objective: To predict the B-cell linear epitopes of E6 and E7 proteins of human papillomavirus （HPV）16 and HPV18 and prepare rabbit polyclonal antibodies against E6 and E7 of HPV16 and HPV18. Methods：Bioinformatics software was used to analyze the amino acid sequences of E6 and E7 proteins of HPV16 and HPV18 to predict the B-cell linear epitopes. The peptides of HPV16 E6, HPV16 E7, HPV18 E6 and HPV18 E7 were designed and synthesized. The synthesized peptides were cross-linked with Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH), which was used to immunize New Zealand white rabbits to prepare the polyclonal antibodies. Recombinant proteins HPV16 E6 E7 and HPV18 E6 E7 expressed in the prokaryotic system were used as antigens to detect the titer and specificity of rabbit polyclonal antibodies by indirect ELISA and Western blot. Results: The titers of HPV16 E6, HPV16 E7 and HPV18 E7 polyclonal antibodies were 1:2.56×105, and the titer of HPV18 E6 polyclonal antibody was 1:1.28×105. Western blot results showed that the antibodies could bind specifically to the recombinant proteins HPV16 E6 E7 and HPV18 E6 E7. Conclusion: The polyclonal antibodies against E6 and E7 of HPV16 and HPV18 were successfully prepared, which created the conditions for the subsequent experimental research on HPV infection or HPV vaccine development. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Research Progress of 8-OHdG and GSH-PX in Vascular Cognitive Impairment Caused by Cerebral Small Vessel Disease WANG Tian-min, XUE Qian, ZHANG Lei, JIANG Song ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (2): 61-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.02.011 Abstract（ 66） PDF（pc）（1009KB）（ 138） Knowledge map Save Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is one of the main causes of Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CSVD. Among them, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), as a marker of oxidative DNA damage, and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), as an important antioxidant enzyme in the body, the changes in their levels are closely related to cerebrovascular pathology and cognitive function decline. This article systematically reviews the research progress at home and abroad on 8-OHdG and GSH-PX in CSVD and VCI, summarizes the potential application values of the two in the early diagnosis, disease assessment, and intervention of the diseases, and at the same time discusses the existing deficiencies and future research directions. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Effects of Sertraline Combined with CCBT on Clinical Symptoms and Self-Care Abilities in Patients with Post-Schizophrenia Depression LI Xiao-dan, CHEN Ming, ZHENG Ying, WANG Zhi-jian, HUANG Ren-chun ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (1): 19-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.01.004 Abstract（ 100） PDF（pc）（1083KB）（ 126） Knowledge map Save Objective: The current investigation aims to assess the effectiveness and practical worth of a combined treatment approach that incorporates sertraline and computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy (CCBT) for individuals experiencing depression subsequent to schizophrenia. Methods: The research methodology involved the selection of 68 participants who were diagnosed with post-schizophrenia depression and were receiving care at our institution between April 2023 and May 2024. These individuals were allocated into two distinct cohorts—the control group, consisting of 34 individuals, and the experimental group, also comprising 34 individuals—through the application of a random number generator. Both groups received antipsychotic medication plus sertraline, while the observation group additionally received CCBT. Clinical symptoms, cognitive function, self-care abilities, quality of life improvement, and adverse reaction rates were observed and compared between the two groups at specific time points. Results: At the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks of treatment, the CDSS scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the overall effective clinical treatment rate was also higher in the observation group (P<0.05). Comparing MCCB and ADL scores at the 4th, 8th, and 12th weeks, the observation group scored higher than the control group (P<0.05). Post-treatment comparisons of SF-36 scores showed the observation group to be superior (P<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: In patients with post-schizophrenia depression, the combination of sertraline and CCBT can effectively improve symptom alleviation and overall treatment efficacy, enhance cognitive function and self-care abilities, and contribute to the betterment of patients' quality of life. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Effects of Puerarin on the Regulation of the Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway in Osteoporotic Rats WEN Le, WANG Ling-wei, WANG Ting, ZHANG Wen-long ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (3): 1-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.03.001 Abstract（ 112） PDF（pc）（2630KB）（ 108） Knowledge map Save Objective: To investigate the effects of puerarin on the pathohistochemistry of the femoral head, bone mineral density (BMD), serum calcium and phosphorus levels in osteoporotic rats, and to analyze its regulatory role in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Methods: Thirty-six SPF-grade female Wistar rats were used, and 30 of them successfully established the model of osteoporosis rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and puerarin group. The bone mineral density of the femoral head, the levels of calcium and phosphorus in serum, the gray value of Wnt3a, Wnt5a and β-catenin signaling pathway related proteins and the relative expression levels of mRNA in the femoral head were compared among the three groups. Results: Compared with the sham operation group, In the model group, the trabecular bone number and thickness significantly decreased, while the trabecular separation markedly increased (P<0.01). The relative expression levels of Wnt3a, Wnt5a and β-catenin signaling pathway related proteins and mRNA in Wnt signaling pathway were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, In the puerarin group, trabecular bone number and thickness significantly increased, while trabecular separation decreased (P<0.01). The protein gray value and mRNA relative expression levels of Wnt3a, Wnt5a and β-catenin in femoral head tissue were significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Puerarin has a therapeutic effect on osteoporotic rats, and it exerts its effect by regulating Wnt3a, Wnt5a, and β-catenin in the classical Wnt signaling pathway. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Mining the Compatibility Rule of Tortoise Shell Based on the Database of Pharmaceutical Intelligence Network HUANG Jian-yi, HUANG Ling, WANG Bo-long ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (2): 1-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.02.001 Abstract（ 83） PDF（pc）（2250KB）（ 102） Knowledge map Save Objective: To search Chinese medicine prescriptions containing chinemys reevesii in the database of pharmaceutical intelligence network, and analyze the compatibility of chinemys reevesii to provide reference for its application and development. Methods: Using Microsoft Office Excel 2021, IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0, and IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0, the main therapeutic indications of prescriptions the frequency of use, meridian tropism, and efficacy attribution of Chinese medicines were analyzed, the association rule analysis, cluster analysis, factor analysis and visualization display were also carried out. Results: 139 prescriptions are used to treat 24 kinds of diseases, mainly including liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome, Chong and Ren disorder disease, mental fatigue disease, and stroke disease. 318 kinds of Chinese medicine in the formula composition, the most commonly used medicine were tonic herbs. The medicine nature is mainly warm, the tastes are mostly sweet, entering liver meridian and kidney meridian. Among the 31 association rules of 22 high-frequency Chinese medicine, the most supported pair medicines combination is“chinemys reevesii-angelica sinensis”, and Triangular medicines combination is“chinemys reevesii-radix rehmanniae preparata-angelica sinensis”, the four medicines combination are“chinemys reevesii-atractylodes macrocephala-radix rehmanniae preparata-angelica sinensis”. 22 high-frequency Chinese medicines can be divided into 4 classes, and 5 factors are extracted. Conclusion: Chinemys reevesii is often combined with tonic herbs with sweet and warm nature, which enters the liver and kidney meridians to treat TCM deficiency diseases such as liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome, Chong and Ren disorder disease. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Application and Mechanism Study of Exosomes in Targeted Drug Delivery and Disease Therapy YAO Yi-ran, ZHANG Jian-dong, LI Wei ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (1): 55-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.01.009 Abstract（ 166） PDF（pc）（1062KB）（ 91） Knowledge map Save As endogenous nanovesicles, exosomes promote cellular communication and exchange by transporting intracellular proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, and are ideal drug delivery vehicles due to their good biocompatibility, high stability and specific targeting to tissues and cells. In addition, the application mechanism of exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases, tumors, and cardiovascular diseases has also been thoroughly studied. In this paper, we reviewed the application of exosomes in targeted drug delivery and the mechanism study of exosomes in the treatment of diseases, aiming to provide theoretical guidance for future research and clinical application. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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The Research Progress on the Mechanism of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Alzheimer's Disease and the Targeted Therapy for It ZHANG Jian-dong, GU Ze-long, YAO Yi-ran, ZHAO Han-fei, WANG Yi, NIU Li-jiao, LI Wei ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (5): 16-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.05.003 Abstract（ 71） PDF（pc）（1054KB）（ 91） Knowledge map Save Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) regulates the expression and activity of beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) at multiple levels including transcription, translation and post-translation by activating the unfolded protein response pathway. This will further alleviate the pathological process of Aβ in Alzheimer's disease. The PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 axis is the key mechanism by which ERS upregulates BACE1. Continuous ERS could prompt PERK to phosphorylate eIF2α, which directly binds to the BACE1 promoter, increasing its transcriptional and protein levels and accelerating amyloid protein production. On the other hand, the IRE1- XBP1s and ATF6 pathways promote the degradation of BACE1 and APP non-amyloidogenic pathway cleavage by upregulating ERAD key factors in early ERS, which has an inhibitory effect on Aβ production. Therefore, the regulation of BACE1 by ERS is bidirectional through the PERK, IRE1 or ATF6 pathways. This article summarized the research progress of the relevant mechanisms, with the aim of seeking new strategies to restore protein homeostasis and slow down the pathological process of AD through intervention targeting ERS. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Index of Abstract for the 21st Academic Conference on Neuropsychopharmacology (Part 1) ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (4): 65-. Abstract（ 15） PDF（pc）（375KB）（ 90） Knowledge map Save Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）

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Animal Models of Ulcerative Colitis and Evaluation Indicators MA Lin, FAN Rong-zhen, LI Wei, ZHANG Dan-shen ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA 2025, 15 (4): 8-. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.04.002 Abstract（ 49） PDF（pc）（866KB）（ 85） Knowledge map Save Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific intestinal disease with lesions involving the rectum and colon, and clinical manifestations include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and muco-purulent and bloody stools. In recent years, the incidence of UC has surged, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis is complex and diverse, involving environmental factors, genetic factors, body immunity and psychological factors. In order to deeply investigate the pathogenesis and regulatory mechanism of this disease and develop targeted therapeutic drugs, it is particularly important to construct suitable animal experimental models. In this paper, we summarize the current selection of animals inducing ulcerative colitis, modeling methods, and model evaluation indexes, in order to provide more feasible solutions for scientific research experiments and clinical practice, and at the same time to provide reference for researchers in related fields to follow up the researchers. Related Articles|Metrics|Comments（0）