Pinocembrin is a natural flavonoid with high content in honey, propolis and oregano, and has a wide range of application value in the prevention and treatment of central nervous system diseases. Pinocembrin can play a neuroprotective role in cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and other central nervous system diseases through various mechanisms such as anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, anti-excitotoxicity of nerve cells, anti-apoptosis, etc., and can alleviate the nerve damage caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, progressive multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and other diseases. In this paper, the related research on neuroprotective mechanism of pinocembrin is summarized, in order to provide ideas and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of central nervous system diseases and the development of traditional Chinese medicine monomer pinocembrin.