Vaccination is currently the most economically effective method for preventing infectious diseases. Adjuvants are substances added to vaccines to enhance antigens immunogenicity. The appropriate addition of adjuvants can better assist vaccines in stimulating the body， achieving efficient and long-lasting immune responses， reducing the production costs of vaccines， and minimizing the dosage of drugs， thus decreasing the toxic side effects of drugs entering the human body. This article provides a comprehensive review of commonly used adjuvants and their immunogenic properties. It aims to serve as a reference for the design and selection of safe and effective vaccine adjuvants.