Alzheimer’s disease （AD），is the most common neurodegenerative disease in older adults with learning，memory，and cognitive dysfunction. Amyloid β-protein deposition and neurofibrillary tangles formed by Tau protein hyperphosphorylation are the most common pathological features in the brain of AD patients. Current drugs used to treat AD are primarily used to relieve symptoms and do not cure the disease. In recent years，with the in-depth study of AD，gene therapy has attracted attention. In this paper，the AD gene therapy targets and gene therapy vectors are introduced，and the future application research prospects are prospected.