Danggui Shaoyao San is an ancient recipe of Chinese medicine recorded in Jingui Yaolue by Zhang Zhong-jing in Han Dynasty. It was created for“ women with pregnancy”，“women with various diseases and pains in the abdomen. It is a famous prescription for strengthening spleen and clearing damp，nourishing blood and regulating liver. Danggui Shaoyao San has a neuroprotective effect. Its mechanism of action is mainly related to regulation of estrogen level，inhibition of oxidative stress，neuronal synapses and other transduction pathways and related signal molecules. Therefore，Danggui Shaoyao San may be used as a potential treatment for Alzheimer’s disease and other central neurodegenerative diseases. pharmacological effects and mechanism of Danggui Shaoyao San will be described. Danggui Shaoyao San，as well as the latest research on the effects，would be paid more and more attention. In this paper，the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Danggui Shaoyao San were reviewed.