Vascular dementia （VaD） is a type of cerebrovascular diseases that can cause brain damages，which is mainly characterized by cognitive capacity，learning and memory decline. As vascular factors are the main factors affecting their onset. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is an important risk factor for cognitive dysfunction of the body caused by vascular dysfunction，so the suitable animal model is an important mean to study its pathological mechanism. This article outlines the pathological mechanism of cerebral vascular disease caused by cerebral hypoperfusion in the development of cognitive dysfunction and dementia and the production of several commonly used experimental chronic cerebral hypoperfusion animal models，and explore the correlation with the pathological mechanism of cerebral vascular diseases，in order to provide suitable animal models for the study of drug-interventional chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced vascular dementia and references for the mechanisms researchs of clinical drugs.