The ATP-sensitive potassium channel （KATP） is named because its channel activity is affected by ATP/ADP. KATP is a special channel that couples cell electrical activity and cell metabolism. Under normal conditions，channel function plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibiting cell apoptosis. KATP is widely found in islets，myocardium，skeletal muscle，vascular smooth muscle，and nerve cells. In recent years，studies have found that KATP is involved in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases. This article reviews the research progress of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in neurodegenerative diseases.